
1662–1722
In the Qing dynasty (1644–1911), luxury items became more affordable to larger parts of the society, including women, merchants, and literati in non-official positions. Imperial patronage and a growing urban population encouraged consumption of luxury goods and local craftmanship. This petite, red-glazed bottle vase is an example of Lang ware, or Lang yao in Chinese, developed at the imperial kilns at Jingdezhen. “Ox blood” glaze is one of the Qing dynasty's accomplishments in porcelain production.