Four-Master and Two Three-Masters Anchored near a Fortified Island with a Lighthouse, from The Sailing Vessels

The impressive detail and accuracy of the ships represented in this engraving suggest that Bruegel probably made studies of vessels in the Antwerp harbor. He carefully renders the intricacy of rigging, the geometry of masts, and curved hulls. Bruegel’s interest in such vessels belonged to a wider fascination among Antwerp citizens with the shipping trade and naval power that had become so central to the city’s booming economy. Residents of this maritime hub took great pride in the engineering of its ships and the expertise of its sailors and navigators.