
1815–1820
The 82 etchings made privately by Goya in response to Napoleon’s onslaught on Spanish soil focused on the war’s effects on all the people of Spain, not just the soldiers. In this eerie image, a priest who appears to be wearing a bird mask performs a ritual before a weary crowd. Through the clergyman’s costume and dramatic pose, as well as the work’s title, Goya likened religion to mountebanks and stage productions.